What are NSAIDs?
by Jennifer Bunn, RNNSAIDs are a class of drugs which inhibit prostaglandins. Prostoglandins are produced by cells in the body by the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX). Prostoglandins produce inflammation, fever and pain. They also protect the stomach from damaging acid and assist in platelet function. There are 2 COX enzymes: COX-1 promotes platelet function and protects the delicate stomach, while COX-2 does not afford as much stomach protection. NSAIDs that block COX-1 are more likely to cause stomach bleeding.
NSAIDs are used to treat a variety of conditions, including fever, headache, injuries, menstrual cramps and arthritis. They can be very effective at reducing fever and pain; however, long-term use does not come without risk. NSAIDs can often cause gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, constipation, loss of appetite). In addition, prolonged use may lead to live damage, prolonged bleeding, ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding. They may also increase blood pressure in some individuals. People who take blood thinners, such as Coumadin (warfarin) should not take NSAIDs because of an increased risk of bleeding.
People with chronic conditions such as arthritis should be monitored by a physician if they are taking NSAIDs long-term to assess their risk for adverse events such as gastrointestinal bleeding and liver damage.
